Fatty Acids and Starch Identification within Minute Archaeological Fragments: Qualitative Investigation for Assessing Feasibility.

Within the realm of archaeology, the analysis of biomolecules assumes significant importance in elucidating historical dietary patterns and their implications for contemporary contexts. To achieve this, knowledge and tools of both chemistry and archaeology are essential to yield objective outcomes and conduct analyses of archaeological materials for the detection of biomolecules. Usually, only minuscule remnants of ceramic fragments are retrieved from excavations, which limits the feasibility of comprehensive laboratory analysis. This study aimed to establish a protocol for analyzing fatty acids and starch from archaeological food utensils with minimal sample quantities. Various experiments were conducted to replicate preparations that might have occurred in archaeological vessels, aiming to establish the optimal protocol. The analyses were performed using clay griddles, subjecting vegetable oil to varying temperatures for fatty acid assessment. For starch analysis, a series of experiments encompassed diverse forms of potato preparations (pulp, chuño, tortilla, carbonization, and freeze-drying) and maize (flour, tortilla, and carbonization). The verification of the experiments was confirmed by conducting identical analyses, as developed in the current study, on authentic archaeological fragments. The principal outcomes of this investigation include the successful extraction of both types of biomolecules using only 0.25 g of the sample, obtained through direct scraping from the vessel. Soxhlet extraction was identified as the most efficient strategy to recover fatty acids. Additionally, a comprehensive protocol for the identification of starch extraction was developed. This study has, for the first time, elucidated two detailed methodologies for the extraction of fatty acids and starch in scenarios in which researchers can obtain limited quantities of archaeological food utensil fragments.

Effects of relative humidity on dry-aged beef quality.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of relative humidity (RH) on moisture loss and flavor in dry-aged beef. Sixteen strip loins were assigned to one of the four aging treatments: vacuum (WET), dry-aging at 50% RH, dry-aging at 70% RH, or dry-aging at 85% RH and aged for 42 days at 2 °C. Loins were evaluated for evaporation loss, trim loss, tenderness, sensory, and microbiological characteristics. Results show that lower RH results in accelerated moisture loss during the first 3 days of the aging process without significantly affecting the total amount of moisture loss. Pseudomonadales dominated the aerobically dry-aged loins while Enterobacteriales was the most abundant in the wet-aged samples. Dry-aged samples had increased content of free amino acids in the cooked meat juice compared to the wet-aged counterpart. Dry aging at 50% RH tended to associate with more desirable flavor notes.

Failure to Thrive: Impaired BDNF Transport along the Cortical-Striatal Axis in Mouse Q140 Neurons of Huntington's Disease.

Boosting trophic support to striatal neurons by increasing levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been considered as a target for therapeutic intervention for several neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). To aid in the implementation of such a strategy, a thorough understanding of BDNF cortical-striatal transport is critical to help guide its strategic delivery. In this manuscript, we investigate the dynamic behavior of BDNF transport along the cortical-striatal axis in Q140 primary neurons, a mouse model for HD. We examine this by using single-molecule labeling of BDNF conjugated with quantum dots (QD-BDNF) to follow the transport along the cortical-striatal axis in a microfluidic chamber system specifically designed for the co-culture of cortical and striatal primary neurons. Using this approach, we observe a defect of QD-BDNF transport in Q140 neurons. Our study demonstrates that QD-BDNF transport along the cortical-striatal axis involves the impairment of anterograde transport within axons of cortical neurons, and of retrograde transport within dendrites of striatal neurons. One prominent feature we observe is the extended pause time of QD-BDNF retrograde transport within Q140 striatal dendrites. Taken together, these finding support the hypothesis that delinquent spatiotemporal trophic support of BDNF to striatal neurons, driven by impaired transport, may contribute to the pathogenesis of HD, providing us with insight into how a BDNF supplementation therapeutic strategy may best be applied for HD.

Detection of single walled carbon nanotube based sensors in a large mammal.

High resolution, rapid, and precise detection of biological analytes related to disease and infection is currently the focus of many researchers. Better biosensors could lead to earlier detection, more avenues of intervention, and higher efficacy of therapeutics, which would lead to better outcomes for all patients. One class of biosensors, single walled carbon nanotubes, is unique due to their nanoscale resolution, single molecule sensitivity, and reversibility for long term applications. While these biosensors have been successful in rodent models, to date, no study has shown successful sensor detection in a large animal. In this study, we show the first successful signal detection of single walled carbon nanotube-based sensors in a large mammal model. Using a relatively simple and cost-effective system, we were able to detect signals in nearly 70% of the sheep used in the study, marking an important steppingstone towards the use of SWNT-based sensors for clinical diagnostics.

Oxidative stress and postmortem meat quality in crossbred lambs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of different levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated oxidative stress on fresh meat quality. Crossbred lambs (n = 29) were blocked by weight and fed a standard finishing ration for the duration of the study. Lambs were individually housed and treatment groups were administered one of three intravenous injections every 72 h across a three-injection (9-day) cycle: saline control (control), 50 ng LPS/kg body weight (BW) (LPS50), or 100 ng LPS/kg BW (LPS100). Rectal temperatures were measured to indicate inflammatory response. Lambs were harvested at the Loeffel Meat Laboratory and 80 mg of pre-rigor Longissimus lumborum were collected in control and LPS100 treatments within 30 min postmortem for RNA analysis. Wholesale loins were split and randomly assigned 1 or 14 d of wet aging. Chops were fabricated after aging and placed under retail display (RD) for 0 or 7 d. Animal was the experimental unit. LPS-treated lambs had increased (P < 0.05) rectal temperatures at 1, 2, 4, and 24 h post-injection. Transcriptomics revealed significant (Praw < 0.05) upregulation in RNA pathways related to generation of oxidative stress in LPS100 compared with control. A trend was found for tenderness (Warner-Bratzler shear force, WBSF; P = 0.10), chops from LPS50 having lower shear force compared with control at 1 d postmortem. Muscle from LPS50 treatment lambs exhibited greater troponin T degradation (P = 0.02) compared with all treatments at 1 d. Aging decreased WBSF (P < 0.0001), increased sarcoplasmic calcium concentration (P < 0.0001), pH (P < 0.0001), and proteolysis (P < 0.0001) across treatments. Following aging, chops increased discoloration as RD increased (P < 0.0001), with control chops aged 14 d being the most discolored. Chops from lambs given LPS had higher (P < 0.05) a* values compared with control at 14 d of aging. The L* values were greater (P < 0.05) in LPS100 compared with both LPS50 and control. Aging tended (P = 0.0608) to increase lipid oxidation during RD across either aging period. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in sarcomere length, proximate composition, fatty acid composition, or isoprostane content were found. These results suggest that defined upregulation of oxidative stress has no detriment on fresh meat color, but may alter biological pathways responsible for muscle stress response, apoptosis, and enzymatic processes, resulting in changes in tenderness early postmortem.

Novel methods to extract and quantify sensors based on single wall carbon nanotube fluorescence from animal tissue and hydrogel-based platforms.

Sensors that can quickly and accurately diagnose and monitor human health are currently at the forefront of medical research. Single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) based optical biosensors are a growing area of research due to the high spatiotemporal resolution of their near infrared fluorescence leading to high tissue transparency and unparalleled sensitivity to analytes of interest. Unfortunately, due to the functionalization requirements of SWNT-based sensors, there are concerns surrounding accumulation and persistence when applied in vivo. In this study, we developed protocols to extract and quantify SWNT from complex solutions and show an 89% sensor retention by hydrogel platforms when implanted in vivo. Animal tissues of interest were also extracted and probed for SWNT content showing no accumulation (0.03 mg l-1 SWNT detection limit). The methods developed in this paper demonstrated one avenue for applying SWNT sensors in vivo without concern for accumulation.

Ultimate pH effects on dry-aged beef quality.

This study aimed to evaluate pH effects on moisture loss and meat quality characteristics of dry-aged beef. Strip loins from six normal pH carcasses (pH = 5.47 ± 0.02) and dark cutting (DC) strip loins from six high pH carcasses (pH = 6.69 ± 0.09) were obtained. One strip loin from each carcass was dry aged and one was wet aged, giving four treatments: DRY, DRY-DC, WET, and WET-DC. Loins were aged for 42 d. Ultimate pH did not affect the rate or amount of moisture loss, trim loss, yield, or tenderness in dry-aged beef (P > 0.05). In general, DC steaks had the lowest lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values, regardless of aging method (P < 0.05). Discoloration scores and TBARS values for DC steaks remained low throughout retail display. Dry aging significantly reduced bacterial counts mitigating the microbial damages associated with DC. Flavor characteristics of DC were not improved by dry aging when compared to dry-aged loins from carcasses with normal pH.

Impact of myoglobin oxygenation level on color stability of frozen beef steaks.

The emerging market of frozen meat emphasizes the need to better understand beef surface discoloration and the ideal parameters of freezing beef to retain an acceptable color. The objectives of this study were to determine the impacts of myoglobin oxygenation level prior to freezing and frozen storage duration on frozen beef color. USDA Choice strip loins (n = 36) were aged for 4 d or 20 d. Steaks were randomly assigned to a myoglobin oxygenation level [deoxygenated (DeOxy; immediately packaged after cutting), oxygenated (Oxy; oxygenated in air for 30 min), or highly oxygenated (HiOxy; packaged for 24 h in 80% O2)]. Steaks were then vacuum packaged in oxygen permeable or impermeable film and immediately frozen (-5 °C). Following either 0, 2, 4, or 6 mo of frozen storage, steaks were removed from the packaging and immediately analyzed for instrumental color (L*, a*, and b*), percent oxymyoglobin, metmyoglobin, and deoxymyoglobin, delta E, redness ratio, a*:b* ratio, hue angle, subjective discoloration, and lipid oxidation. The HiOxy steaks had greater oxygen penetration and the greatest a* values compared with DeOxy and Oxy steaks, regardless of packaging (P < 0.0005). With 4 d of aging, HiOxy steaks had greater a* values than DeOxy and Oxy at all storage times (P = 0.0118). The HiOxy steaks aged for 20 d and frozen for 6 mo had significantly higher delta E values than all other myoglobin oxygenation levels and postmortem aging periods (P < 0.0001). Redness and percent oxymyoglobin were highest for HiOxy steaks within each storage period (P < 0.0002). The HiOxy steaks had the highest percent oxymyoglobin and DeOxy had the lowest percent oxymyoglobin within each aging and storage period (P < 0.01). Conversely, DeOxy steaks had the highest percent metmyoglobin and HiOxy had the lowest percent metmyoglobin when packaged in impermeable film (P < 0.0001). The HiOxy steaks from 20 d of aging had the highest discoloration compared with 4 d aging and more discoloration than all other myoglobin treatments at 6 mo of storage (P < 0.0001). The HiOxy 20 d aged steaks exhibited the highest lipid oxidation values at 2, 4, and 6 mo (P = 0.0224) and HiOxy steaks exhibited a brighter and deeper cherry red color compared with the DeOxy steaks. The HiOxy steaks were greater in redness or similar when compared with Oxy steaks, but experienced more detrimental effects when frozen storage was extended.

Quality effects on beef strip steaks from cattle fed high-protein corn distillers grains and other ethanol by-products.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding high-protein corn distillers grains on fresh beef quality. Steers (n = 60) were fed one of five diets for 190 d (six pens with 10 cattle/pen/diet): a corn control (Control), 40% high-protein dry distillers grains plus solubles (HP-DDGS), 40% dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS), 40% wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS), or 40% bran plus solubles (Bran). Eighteen Choice carcasses (three cattle per pen) were randomly selected within each treatment; however, two carcasses were lost during carcass selection. Strip loins (Longissimus lumborum, IMPS # 180) were collected, divided into three equal portions, and aged for 2, 9, or 23 d. Steaks were fabricated following each aging period and placed under retail display (RD) conditions for 0, 4, or 7 d. Pen was the experimental unit. Hot carcass weight at harvest was 391 kg (SD 31.6 kg). Dietary treatment had no effect on tenderness (Warner-Bratzler shear force) within each aging period (P > 0.05). After 7 d of RD, following all aging periods, steaks from cattle fed HP-DDGS had the greatest visual discoloration except for DDGS and Bran after 23 d (P < 0.05). The steaks from cattle fed HP-DDGS had lower (P < 0.05) redness (a*) values than all other treatments following 7 d of RD. Lipid oxidation increased (P < 0.001) during RD at all aging periods, as measured via thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). A day of RD-by-dietary treatment effect (P < 0.001) was observed for lipid oxidation. After 7 d of RD, steaks from cattle fed HP-DDGS had higher TBARS than all other treatments except WDGS (P < 0.01). A trend was found for sarcomere length (P = 0.07), with steaks from cattle fed Bran having the longest sarcomere length compared with all other treatments. An aging effect was found for free calcium content (P < 0.001) where steaks aged 9 and 23 d had significantly higher levels of free calcium than those aged 2 d. There was a tendency (P = 0.07) that steaks from cattle fed WDGS contained more free calcium than steaks from cattle fed DDGS or Bran. Although there were no statistical differences, there was a trend (P = 0.07) that steaks from cattle fed HP-DDGS had higher levels of PUFAs and C18:2. These results suggest that feeding high protein distillers grains has no detriment on tenderness, but may alter the lipid profile of the muscle, resulting in decreased color stability, increased lipid oxidation, and decreased shelf life.

Feeding distillers grains to cattle may affect beef tenderness early postmortem.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fat source with modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) on beef tenderness through examination of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane fatty acid composition, changes in sarcoplasmic calcium concentration, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), sarcomere length, and proteolysis early postmortem. Steers (n = 256) were fed for 134 d on either corn, or a diet containing 40% full-fat MDGS, 40% de-oiled MDGS, or 38% de-oiled MDGS plus 2% corn oil. Twenty-four USDA Choice carcasses (three carcasses per pen; eight pens per treatment) were selected within each dietary treatment, and strip loins were collected and aged for 2, 9, 16, or 23 d postmortem and subject to retail display (RD) for an additional 7 d. Feeding MDGS increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of linoleic acid (18:2) and tended to increase (P = 0.06) total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the SR membrane. Steaks from cattle fed MDGS had greater sarcoplasmic calcium concentration than steaks from cattle fed corn at day 2 postmortem (P = 0.05). Steaks from steers fed de-oiled MDGS and de-oiled MDGS plus corn oil tended to have lower WBSF values (P = 0.08) than steaks from cattle fed corn at 2 d of aging with 0 d of RD. There were no differences among dietary treatments for sarcomere length (P = 0.92) and troponin-T degradation at 2 d postmortem (P = 0.60). Results suggest that feeding MDGS may increase early postmortem release of calcium into the sarcoplasm due to increased 18:2 and PUFA concentration in the SR membrane, which could result in increased beef tenderness early postmortem.

Análisis bibliométrico de la Revista Colombiana de Radiología / Bibliometric analysis of the Revista Colombiana de Radiología

Objetivos: Describir las estadísticas y los indicadores bibliométricos de la Revista Colombiana de Radiología desde su primer número, en 1989, hasta el último de 2018. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron todos los números de la Revista tanto impresos como en versión digital. Se creó una base de datos en el software de referencias JabRef con todas las publicaciones encontradas. Cada referencia, aparte de la información de autores, volumen, número, año de publicación y resumen, contiene datos de filiación institucional, localización geográfica, tipo de publicación y tema. Por medio de un análisis estadístico simple se examinaron los indicadores de producción, como cantidad de publicaciones por número, año, autor, filiación institucional, localización geográfica, tópico y tipo de publicación. Para los indicadores bibliométricos de impacto se realizaron búsquedas de las citaciones sobre la producción de la revista en bases de datos y buscadores. Resultados: En total fueron 902 referencias. El año de más publicaciones fue el 2011 y el tipo de publicación más frecuente fue el de presentación de caso. Las áreas con más publicaciones fueron imagen corporal y neurorradiología. Las ciudades en Colombia con más publicaciones fueron Bogotá y Medellín. Las instituciones que más publicaron fueron la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio y la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá y Universidad El Bosque. Conclusiones: La Revista Colombiana de Radiología es la principal publicación sobre radiología en el país. La Revista cuenta con una considerable cantidad de publicaciones de diferente tipo y tema. Este análisis bibliométrico podrá servir de insumo para tomar decisiones respecto al futuro de la Revista

Objetivos: Describir las estadísticas y los indicadores bibliométricos de la Revista Colombiana de Radiología desde su primer número, en 1989, hasta el último de 2018. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron todos los números de la Revista tanto impresos como en versión digital. Se creó una base de datos en el software de referencias JabRef con todas las publicaciones encontradas. Cada referencia, aparte de la información de autores, volumen, número, año de publicación y resumen, contiene datos de filiación institucional, localización geográfica, tipo de publicación y tema. Por medio de un análisis estadístico simple se examinaron los indicadores de producción, como cantidad de publicaciones por número, año, autor, filiación institucional, localización geográfica, tópico y tipo de publicación. Para los indicadores bibliométricos de impacto se realizaron búsquedas de las citaciones sobre la producción de la revista en bases de datos y buscadores. Resultados: En total fueron 902 referencias. El año de más publicaciones fue el 2011 y el tipo de publicación más frecuente fue el de presentación de caso. Las áreas con más publicaciones fueron imagen corporal y neurorradiología. Las ciudades en Colombia con más publicaciones fueron Bogotá y Medellín. Las instituciones que más publicaron fueron la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio y la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá y Universidad El Bosque. Conclusiones: La Revista Colombiana de Radiología es la principal publicación sobre radiología en el país. La Revista cuenta con una considerable cantidad de publicaciones de diferente tipo y tema. Este análisis bibliométrico podrá servir de insumo para tomar decisiones respecto al futuro de la Revista.

[Factores de riesgo asociados a las complicaciones y a la falla terapéutica en las reconstrucciones de lesiones de vía biliar secundarias a colecistectomía]. / Surgical outcome and risk factors of bile duct injury repair following cholecystectomy.

ANTECEDENTES: Las lesiones de vías biliares por colecistectomía son una complicación seria. Numerosos factores alteran el resultado de su reconstrucción. MÉTODO: Evaluación de la reconstrucción de lesiones de vía biliar y sus factores de riesgo (de enero de 2008 a enero de 2017). RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 58 pacientes (72.4% mujeres; media de edad 41.8 años). El 67.8% tuvo colecistectomía laparoscópica como cirugía inicial. El 79.3% se diagnosticó posoperatoriamente. La referencia promedio fue 9 semanas y su reparación temprana (< 1 semana) ocurrió en el 27.6%. La lesión más común fue Amsterdam tipo D (55.2%) y Bismuth-Strasberg E4 (34.5%). La morbilidad fue del 39.6% (fuga biliar 10.3%, estenosis 6.9% y colangitis recurrente12.1%), con un 3% de mortalidad perioperatoria. Se logró un éxito del 81% de acuerdo con la clasificación de McDonald. Los factores de riesgo para las complicaciones fueron baja hemoglobina, baja albúmina, baja fosfatasa alcalina, tutores biliares y lesiones E3-E5 (análisis univariado). Los factores de riesgo para falla terapéutica fueron la reparación previa en otro centro, los tutores biliares y la reparación posterior a 1 semana tras la lesión (univariado y multivariado). CONCLUSIÓN: Pueden obtenerse buenos resultados en las reconstrucciones de vías biliares en centros especializados. Existen algunos factores de riesgo para los resultados de las reconstrucciones que deben de ser validados. BACKGROUND: Bile duct injury during cholecystectomy is a serious complication. Multiple factors may alter their outcome. ­. METHOD: We retrospectively evaluated our results following bile duct injury surgery repair and possible poor outcome risk factors from January 2008 to January 2017. RESULTS: 58 patients (72.4% female; mean age 41.8 years) were evaluated. 67.8% underwent open cholecystectomy as initial surgery. 79.3% of bile duct injury were diagnosed postoperatively. Mean referral time was 9 weeks and early (< 1 week) repair was performed in 27.6%. Most common lesion was Amsterdam type D (55.2%) and Bismuth-Strasberg E4 (34.5%). Morbidity was 39.6%. Biliary leak occurred in 10.3%, bilio-enteric stricture in 6.9% and recurrent cholangitis in 12.1%, with 3% perioperative mortality. There was an 81% treatment success rate (McDonald classification). Risk factors for complications were: low hemoglobin, low albumin, low alkaline phosphatase, biliary stents and E-3-E5 lesions (univariate analysis only). Risk factors for treatment failure were: previous repair outside our center, use of biliary stents and repair later than 1 week after lesion (univariate and multivariate analysis). CONCLUSIONS: Good efficacy and safety outcomes in bile repair surgery can be achieved in specialized centers. There are possible risk factors influencing outcomes that should be further validated.

Effects of dietary fat source on beef strip loin steak display life.

The effects of feeding different dietary fat sources with modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS) on beef display life were evaluated. Steers (n = 256) were fed for 134 d on either a corn, 40% full-fat MDGS, 40% de-oiled MDGS, or 38% de-oiled MDGS plus 2% corn oil diet. Twenty-four United States Department of Agriculture Choice carcasses (3 head/pen) were randomly selected within each dietary treatment and strip loins were collected and aged for 2, 9, 16, or 23 d. Steaks from each aging period were placed under retail display (RD) conditions for 0, 4, and 7 d. Stearic acid was predominant (C18:0; P = 0.03) in beef from the de-oiled MDGS plus oil treatment in comparison with all other dietary treatments. Feeding MDGS increased linoleic acid (C18:2; P < 0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; P = 0.01) in comparison to the corn diet. The de-oiled MDGS plus oil group had greater C18:3 content (P = 0.03) when compared to corn, but no differences were observed between all other diets. There were no differences among dietary treatments for L* (P = 0.74) and b* (P = 0.25) values. The de-oiled MDGS group had lower a* values than all other treatments (P < 0.01) at day 5 of RD. The corn treatment had greater a* values (P ≤ 0.05) than de-oiled MDGS and de-oiled MDGS plus oil at day 6 and 7 of RD. Strip loin steaks from cattle fed full-fat MDGS tended to have lower a* values (P = 0.10) than steaks from cattle fed corn at day 7 of RD. Feeding de-oiled MDGS resulted in greater discoloration (P ≤ 0.05) at days 5, 6, and 7 of RD when compared to corn. Steaks from the de-oiled MDGS plus oil and full-fat MDGS groups had greater discoloration scores at day 7 of RD in comparison to corn (P ≤ 0.05). Strip loin steaks from cattle fed corn tended to have lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values (P ≤ 0.10) in comparison to de-oiled MDGS and de-oiled MDGS plus oil at day 7 of RD. Results suggest that feeding MDGS to cattle reduces color and lipid stability in addition to increasing C18:2 and PUFA content of beef. Addition of corn oil to de-oiled MDGS decreased redness and increased discoloration and lipid oxidation in comparison to corn diets.

Hemorragia intraventricular en el recién nacido prematuro / Intraventricular hemorrage in preterm neonates

El presente trabajo es producto de una revisión de la patogénesis, incidencia, tratamiento y pronóstico de la hemorragia intraventricular en el recién nacido prematuro. En las publicaciones revisadas, que incluyen series importantes de seguimiento, esta patología se presenta en 25% de los infantes menores de 1500 gramos de peso, en los que tanto la morbilidad como la mortalidad es mayor que los recién nacidos normales, ya que el desarrollo de la hemorragia intraventricular, puede producir alteraciones de flujo sanguíneo cerebral en la inmadura matriz germinal y en la red microvascular. En consecuencia la prevención de la hemorragia intraventricular está directamente relacionada con su patogénesis. Se pregona que el uso de esteroides tipo dexametazona en dosis bajas en el período prenatal y bajas dosis de endometacina en el período postnatal, pueden dar mejor neuroprotección. El tratamiento quirúrgico es excepcional y tiene indicaciones bien precisas, cuando se demuestra certeramente una hidrocefalia progresiva tardía. Por lo tanto en los neonatos prematuros con hemorragia intraventricular el mejor tratamiento actual, es el usar un sistema de seguimiento médico y farmacológico...

Hemorragia intraventricular en el recién nacido prematuro / Intraventricular hemorrage in preterm neonates

El presente trabajo es producto de una revisión de la patogénesis, incidencia, tratamiento y pronóstico de la hemorragia intraventricular en el recién nacido prematuro. En las publicaciones revisadas, que incluyen series importantes de seguimiento, esta patología se presenta en 25% de los infantes menores de 1500 gramos de peso, en los que tanto la morbilidad como la mortalidad es mayor que los recién nacidos normales, ya que el desarrollo de la hemorragia intraventricular, puede producir alteraciones de flujo sanguíneo cerebral en la inmadura matriz germinal y en la red microvascular. En consecuencia la prevención de la hemorragia intraventricular está directamente relacionada con su patogénesis. Se pregona que el uso de esteroides tipo dexametazona en dosis bajas en el período prenatal y bajas dosis de endometacina en el período postnatal, pueden dar mejor neuroprotección. El tratamiento quirúrgico es excepcional y tiene indicaciones bien precisas, cuando se demuestra certeramente una hidrocefalia progresiva tardía. Por lo tanto en los neonatos prematuros con hemorragia intraventricular el mejor tratamiento actual, es el usar un sistema de seguimiento médico y farmacológico...(AU)